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Section: 2 | Nomenclature for Chemical Compounds |
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John R. Rumble, ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 103rd Edition (Internet Version 2022), CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL.
If a specific table is cited, use the format: "Physical Constants of Organic Compounds," in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 103rd Edition (Internet Version 2022), John R. Rumble, ed., CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL.

NOMENCLATURE FOR CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) maintains several commissions that deal with the naming of chemical substances. In general, the approach of IUPAC is to present rules for arriving at names in a systematic manner, rather than recommending a unique name for each compound. Thus, there are often several alternative “IUPAC Names,” depending on which nomenclature system is used, each of which may have advantages in specific applications. However, each of these names will be unambiguous.

Organizations such as the Chemical Abstracts Service that prepare indexes to the chemical literature must adopt a system for selecting unique names in order to avoid excessive cross referencing. Chemical Abstracts Service uses a system which groups together compounds derived from a single parent compound. Thus, most index names are inverted (e.g., Benzene, bromo rather than bromobenzene; Acetic acid, sodium salt rather than sodium acetate).

Recommended names for the most common substituent groups, ligands, ions, and organic rings are given in the two following tables, “Nomenclature for Inorganic Ions and Ligands” and “Organic Substituent Groups and Ring Systems,” which are available in the Online Edition of the CRC Handbook. For the basics of macromolecular nomenclature, see “Nomenclature for Organic Polymers” in Section 13.

Some of the most useful recent guides to chemical nomenclature, prepared by IUPAC and other organizations such as the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) and the American Chemical Society are listed below. These books contain citations to the more detailed nomenclature documents in each area. Two very useful links to nomenclature documents are:

<iupac.org/what-we-do/nomenclature/>
<www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/>

Inorganic Chemistry

  1. Block, B. P., Powell, W. H., and Fernelius, W. C., Inorganic Chemical Nomenclature, Principles and Practice, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990.
  2. Connelly, N. G., Damhus, T., Hartshorn, R. M., and Hutton, A. T., Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry - IUPAC Recommendations 2005, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2005.
  3. Hartshorn, R. M., Hellwich, K. H., Yerin, A., Damhus, T., and Hutton, A. T., A Brief Guide to the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Pure Appl. Chem. 87, 1039, 2015. [https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2014-0718]

Organic Chemistry

  1. Favre, H. A., and Powell, W. H., Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014.
  2. Hellwich, K-. H., Hartshorn, R. M., Yerin, A., Damhus, T., and Hutton, A. T., A Brief Guide to the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, IUPAC Technical Report,  Pure Appl. Chem. 92, 527, 2020. <https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0104>
  3. Moss, G. P., Smith, P. A. S., and Tavernier, D., Eds., Glossary of Class Names of Organic Compounds and Reactive Intermediates Based on Structure,  Pure Appl. Chem. 67, 1307, 1995. [https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199567081307]
  4. Moss, G. P., Ed., Basic Terminology of Stereochemistry, Pure Appl. Chem. 68, 2193, 1996. [https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668122193]
  5. Panico, R., Powell, W. H., and Richer, J.-C., Eds., A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, Recommendations 1993, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
  6. Cooper, C., and Purchase, R., Organic Chemist’s Desk Reference, Third Edition, CRC Press, 2017. [https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315120768]

Macromolecular Chemistry

  1. Hess, M., Jones, R. G., Kahovec, J., Kitayama, T., Metanomski, W. V., Stepto, R., and Wilks, E. S., Compendium of Polymer Nomenclature,  RSC Publishing, 2009.
  2. Hiorns, R. C. et al., A Brief Guide to Polymer Nomenclature, IUPAC Technical Report, Pure Appl. Chem. 84, 2167, 2012. [https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REP-12-03-05]
  3. Jenkins, A. D., Kratochvil, P., Stepto, R. F. T., and Suter, U. W., Eds., Glossary of Basic Terms in Polymer Science, IUPAC Recommendation 1996, Pure Appl. Chem. 68, 2287, 1996. [https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668122287]

Biochemistry

  1. Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents, Second Edition, 1992, Portland Press, London, 1993; includes recommendations of the IUPAC-IUBMB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature.
  2. Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, Academic Press, Orlando, FL, 1992.
  3. McNaught, A. D., Ed., Nomenclature of Carbohydrates, Recommendations 1996: IUPAC-IUBMB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature, Pure Appl. Chem. 68, 1919, 1996. [https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668101919]
  4. Cornish-Bowden, A., Current IUBMB Recommendations on Enzyme Nomenclature and Kinetics,  Perspectives in Science 1, 74, 2014. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pisc.2014.02.006]

General

  1. Leigh, G. J., Principles of Chemical Nomenclature, RSC Publishing, 2011.
  2. Cahn, R. S. and Dermer, O. C., Introduction to Chemical Nomenclature, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2013.
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