The following table gives the electrical conductivity (κ) of aqueous solutions of some acids, bases, and salts as a function of concentration. All values refer to 20 °C. The conductivity (often called specific conductance in older literature) is the reciprocal of the resistivity. The molar conductivity Λ is related to this by Λ = κ/c, where c is the amount-of-substance concentration of the electrolyte. Thus, if κ has units of millisiemens per centimeter (mS/cm), as in this table, and c is expressed in mol/L, then Λ has units of S cm2 mol-1. For these electrolytes, the concentration c corresponding to the mass percent values given here can be found in the table “Concentrative Properties of Aqueous Solutions” in this section.
Column definitions are as follows.
Column heading | Definition |
Name | Name of solute |
Mol. form. | Solute formula |
κ(mass %) | Electrical conductivity at 20 °C, in units mS cm-1; concentration in mass percent indicated by value in parentheses |
Name | Mol. form. | CAS Reg. No. | κ(0.5%) | κ(1%) | κ(2%) | κ(5%) | κ(10%) | κ(15%) | κ(20%) | κ(25%) | κ(30%) | κ(40%) | κ(50%) |
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Acetic acid | CH3COOH | 64-19-7 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 0.8 |
Ammonia | NH3 | 7664-41-7 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | |||
Ammonium chloride | NH4Cl | 12125-02-9 | 10.5 | 20.4 | 40.3 | 95.3 | 180 | ||||||
Ammonium sulfate | (NH4)2SO4 | 7783-20-2 | 7.4 | 14.2 | 25.7 | 57.4 | 105 | 147 | 185 | 215 | |||
Barium chloride | BaCl2 | 10361-37-2 | 4.7 | 9.1 | 17.4 | 40.4 | 76.7 | 109.0 | 137.0 | ||||
Calcium chloride | CaCl2 | 10043-52-4 | 8.1 | 15.7 | 29.4 | 67.0 | 117 | 157 | 177 | 183 | 172 | 106 | |
Cesium chloride | CsCl | 7647-17-8 | 3.8 | 7.4 | 13.8 | 32.9 | 65.8 | 102 | 142 | ||||
Citric acid | C(OH)(COOH)3 | 77-92-9 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 7.1 | |||
Copper(II) sulfate | CuSO4 | 7758-98-7 | 2.9 | 5.4 | 9.3 | 19.0 | 32.2 | 42.3 | |||||
Formic acid | HCOOH | 64-18-6 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 5.6 | 7.8 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 9.9 | 8.6 |
Hydrogen chloride | HCl | 7647-01-0 | 45.1 | 92.9 | 183 | ||||||||
Lithium chloride | LiCl | 7447-41-8 | 10.1 | 19.0 | 34.9 | 76.4 | 127 | 155 | 170 | 165 | 146 | ||
Magnesium chloride | MgCl2 | 7786-30-3 | 8.6 | 16.6 | 31.2 | 66.9 | 108 | 129 | 134 | 122 | 98 | ||
Magnesium sulfate | MgSO4 | 7487-88-9 | 4.1 | 7.6 | 13.3 | 27.4 | 42.7 | 54.2 | 51.1 | 44.1 | |||
Manganese(II) sulfate | MnSO4 | 7785-87-7 | 6.2 | 10.6 | 21.6 | 34.5 | 43.7 | 47.6 | |||||
Nitric acid | HNO3 | 7697-37-2 | 28.4 | 56.1 | 108 | ||||||||
Oxalic acid | H2C2O4 | 144-62-7 | 14.0 | 21.8 | 35.3 | 65.6 | |||||||
Phosphoric acid | H3PO4 | 7664-38-2 | 5.5 | 10.1 | 16.2 | 31.5 | 59.4 | 88.4 | 118 | 146 | 173 | 209 | |
Potassium bromide | KBr | 7758-02-3 | 5.2 | 10.2 | 19.5 | 47.7 | 95.6 | 144 | 194 |