The following table gives the electrical conductivity (κ) of aqueous solutions of some acids, bases, and salts as a function of concentration. All values refer to 20 °C. The conductivity (often called specific conductance in older literature) is the reciprocal of the resistivity. The molar conductivity Λ is related to this by Λ = κ/c, where c is the amount-of-substance concentration of the electrolyte. Thus, if κ has units of millisiemens per centimeter (mS/cm), as in this table, and c is expressed in mol/L, then Λ has units of S cm2 mol-1. For these electrolytes, the concentration c corresponding to the mass percent values given here can be found in the table “Concentrative Properties of Aqueous Solutions” in this section.
Column definitions for the table are as follows.
Column heading | Definition |
Name | Name of solute |
Mol. form. | Molecular formula of solute |
κ(mass %) | Electrical conductivity at 20 °C, in units mS cm-1; concentration in mass percent indicated by value in parentheses |
Name | Mol. form. | CAS Reg. No. | κ(0.5%) | κ(1%) | κ(2%) | κ(5%) | κ(10%) | κ(15%) | κ(20%) | κ(25%) | κ(30%) | κ(40%) | κ(50%) |
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Acetic acid | CH3COOH | 64-19-7 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 0.8 |
Ammonia | NH3 | 7664-41-7 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | |||
Ammonium chloride | NH4Cl | 12125-02-9 | 10.5 | 20.4 | 40.3 | 95.3 | 180 | ||||||
Ammonium sulfate | (NH4)2SO4 | 7783-20-2 | 7.4 | 14.2 | 25.7 | 57.4 | 105 | 147 | 185 | 215 | |||
Barium chloride | BaCl2 | 10361-37-2 | 4.7 | 9.1 | 17.4 | 40.4 | 76.7 | 109.0 | 137.0 | ||||
Calcium chloride | CaCl2 | 10043-52-4 | 8.1 | 15.7 | 29.4 | 67.0 | 117 | 157 | 177 | 183 | 172 | 106 | |
Cesium chloride | CsCl | 7647-17-8 | 3.8 | 7.4 | 13.8 | 32.9 | 65.8 | 102 | 142 | ||||
Citric acid | C(OH)(COOH)3 | 77-92-9 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 7.1 | |||
Copper(II) sulfate | CuSO4 | 7758-98-7 | 2.9 | 5.4 | 9.3 | 19.0 | 32.2 | 42.3 | |||||
Formic acid | HCOOH | 64-18-6 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 5.6 | 7.8 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 9.9 | 8.6 |
Hydrogen chloride | HCl | 7647-01-0 | 45.1 | 92.9 | 183 | ||||||||
Lithium chloride | LiCl | 7447-41-8 | 10.1 | 19.0 | 34.9 | 76.4 | 127 | 155 | 170 | 165 | 146 | ||
Magnesium chloride | MgCl2 | 7786-30-3 | 8.6 | 16.6 | 31.2 | 66.9 | 108 | 129 | 134 | 122 | 98 | ||
Magnesium sulfate | MgSO4 | 7487-88-9 | 4.1 | 7.6 | 13.3 | 27.4 | 42.7 | 54.2 | 51.1 | 44.1 | |||
Manganese(II) sulfate | MnSO4 | 7785-87-7 | 6.2 | 10.6 | 21.6 | 34.5 | 43.7 | 47.6 | |||||
Nitric acid | HNO3 | 7697-37-2 | 28.4 | 56.1 | 108 | ||||||||
Oxalic acid | H2C2O4 | 144-62-7 | 14.0 | 21.8 | 35.3 | 65.6 | |||||||
Phosphoric acid | H3PO4 | 7664-38-2 | 5.5 | 10.1 | 16.2 | 31.5 | 59.4 | 88.4 | 118 | 146 | 173 | 209 | |
Potassium bromide | KBr | 7758-02-3 | 5.2 | 10.2 | 19.5 | 47.7 | 95.6 | 144 | 194 |