The solubility of over 300 common inorganic compounds in water is tabulated here as a function of temperature. Solubility is defined as the concentration of the compound in a solution that is in equilibrium with a solid phase at the specified temperature. In this table the solid phase is generally the most stable crystalline phase at the temperature in question. An asterisk * on solubility values in adjacent columns indicates that the solid phase changes between those two temperatures (usually from one hydrated phase to another or from a hydrate to the anhydrous solid). In such cases the slope of the solubility vs. temperature curve may show a discontinuity.
All solubility values are expressed as mass percent of solute, 100 × w2, where
w2 = m2/(m1 + m2)
and m2 is the mass of solute and m1 the mass of water. This quantity is related to other common measures of solubility as follows:
Here M2 is the molar mass of the solute and M1 = 18.015 g/mol is the molar mass of water; ρ is the density of the solution in g cm-3.
The data in the table have been derived from the references indicated; in many cases the data have been refitted or interpolated in order to present solubility at rounded values of temperature. Where available, values were taken from the IUPAC Solubility Data Series (Ref. 1) or related papers in the Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data (Refs. 2 to 5), which present carefully evaluated data.
The solubility of sparingly soluble compounds that do not appear in this table can be calculated from the data in the table “Solubility Product Constants of Inorganic Salts.” Solubility of inorganic gases can be found in the table “Solubility of Selected Gases in Water.” Solubility in terms of molality for a few of the most common salts in this table can be found in “Solubility of Common Salts at Various Temperatures.” All three tables are in this section. Column definitions for the table are as follows.
Column heading | Definition |
Mol. form. | Molecular formula of compound; compounds are listed alphabetically by molecular formula |
s(0 °C), s(10 °C), etc. | Solubility of compound at temperature specified in parentheses, in mass%, |
Ref. | Source of data |
Mol. form. | Name | CAS Reg. No. | Mol. Wt. | s(0 °C) | s(10 °C) | s(20 °C) | s(25 °C) | s(30 °C) | s(40 °C) | s(50 °C) | s(60 °C) | s(70 °C) | s(80 °C) | s(90 °C) | s(100 °C) | Ref. |
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AgBrO3 | Silver(I) bromate | 7783-89-3 | 235.770 | 0.193 | 1.32 | 7 | ||||||||||
AgClO2 | Silver(I) chlorite | 7783-91-7 | 175.320 | 0.17 | 0.31 | 0.47 | 0.55 | 0.64 | 0.82 | 1.02 | 1.22 | 1.44 | 1.66 | 1.88 | 2.11 | 7 |
AgClO3 | Silver(I) chlorate | 7783-92-8 | 191.319 | 15 | 7 | |||||||||||
AgClO4 | Silver(I) perchlorate | 7783-93-9 | 207.319 | 81.6 | 83.0 | 84.2 | 84.8 | 85.3 | 86.3 | 86.9 | 87.5 | 87.9 | 88.3 | 88.6 | 88.8 | 6 |
AgNO2 | Silver(I) nitrite | 7783-99-5 | 153.874 | 0.155 | 0.413 | 7 | ||||||||||
AgNO3 | Silver(I) nitrate | 7761-88-8 | 169.873 | 55.9 | 62.3 | 67.8 | 70.1 | 72.3 | 76.1 | 79.2 | 81.7 | 83.8 | 85.4 | 86.7 | 87.8 | 6 |
Ag2SO4 | Silver(I) sulfate | 10294-26-5 | 311.799 | 0.56 | 0.67 | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.88 | 0.97 | 1.05 | 1.13 | 1.20 | 1.26 | 1.32 | 1.39 | 7 |
AlCl3 | Aluminum chloride | 7446-70-0 | 133.341 | 30.84 | 30.91 | 31.03 | 31.10 | 31.18 | 31.37 | 31.60 | 31.87 | 32.17 | 32.51 | 32.90 | 33.32 | 7 |
Al(ClO4)3 | Aluminum perchlorate | 14452-39-2 | 325.334 | 54.9 | 64.4 | 7 | ||||||||||
AlF3 | Aluminum fluoride | 7784-18-1 | 83.977 | 0.25 | 0.34 | 0.44 | 0.50 | 0.56 | 0.68 | 0.81 | 0.96 | 1.11 | 1.28 | 1.45 | 1.64 | 7 |
Al(NO3)3 | Aluminum nitrate | 13473-90-0 | 212.997 | 37.0 | 38.2 | 39.9 | 40.8 | 42.0 | 44.5 | 47.3 | 50.4 | 53.8* | 61.5* | 6 | ||
Al2(SO4)3 | Aluminum sulfate | 10043-01-3 | 342.151 | 27.5 | 27.8 | 28.2 | 29.2 | 30.7 | 32.6 | 34.9 | 37.6 | 40.7 | 44.2 | 7 | ||
As2O3 | Arsenic(III) oxide (arsenolite) | 1327-53-3 | 197.841 | 1.19 | 1.48 | 1.80 | 2.01 | 2.27 | 2.86 | 3.43 | 4.11 | 4.89 | 5.77 | 6.72 | 7.71 | 10 |
BaBr2 | Barium bromide | 10553-31-8 | 297.135 | 47.6 | 48.5 | 49.5 | 50.0 | 50.4 | 51.4 | 52.5 | 53.5 | 54.5 | 55.5 | 56.6 | 57.6 | 6 |
Ba(BrO3)2 | Barium bromate | 13967-90-3 | 393.131 | 0.285 | 0.442 | 0.656 | 0.788 | 0.935 | 1.30 | 1.74 | 2.27 | 2.90 | 3.61 | 4.40 | 5.25 | 1:14 |
Ba(C2H3O2)2 | Barium acetate | 543-80-6 | 255.416 | 37.0 | 44.2 | 7 | ||||||||||
BaCl2 | Barium chloride | 10361-37-2 | 208.233 | 23.30 | 24.88 | 26.33 | 27.03 | 27.70 | 29.00 | 30.27 | 31.53 | 32.81 | 34.14 | 35.54 | 37.05 | 8 |
Ba(ClO2)2 | Barium chlorite | 14674-74-9 | 272.231 | 30.5 | 31.3 | 44.7 | 7 | |||||||||
Ba(ClO3)2 | Barium chlorate | 13477-00-4 | 304.229 | 16.90 | 21.23 | 23.66 | 27.50 | 29.43 | 33.16 | 36.69 | 40.05 | 43.04 | 45.90 | 48.70 | 51.17 | 1:14 |
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