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Section: 6 | Diffusion of Gases in Water |
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John R. Rumble, ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 103rd Edition (Internet Version 2022), CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL.
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DIFFUSION OF GASES IN WATER

This table gives values of the diffusion coefficient, D, for diffusion of several common gases in water at various temperatures. For simple one-dimensional transport, the diffusion coefficient describes the time–rate of change of concentration, dc/dt, through the equation

dc/dt = Dd2c/dx2

where x is, for example, the perpendicular distance from a gas–liquid interface. The values below have been selected from the references indicated; in some cases, data have been refitted to permit interpolation in temperature. Column definitions for the table are as follows.

Column heading Definition
Name Name of gas; gases are listed in alphabetical order by name
Mol. form. Molecular formula of gas
D(10 °C), D(15 °C), etc. Diffusion coefficient, in units 10-5 cm2 s-1, at temperature (in °C) indicated within parentheses
Ref. Reference

Gas–liquid diffusion coefficients are difficult to measure, and large differences are found between values obtained by different authors and through different experimental methods. See Refs. 1 and 2 for a discussion of measurement techniques.

References

  1. Jähne, B., Heinz, G., and Dietrich, W., J. Geophys. Res. 92, 10767, 1987. [https://doi.org/10.1029/JC092iC10p10767]
  2. Himmelblau, D. M., Chem. Rev. 64, 527, 1964. [https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60231a002]
  3. Boerboom, A. J. H., and Kleyn, G., J. Chem. Phys. 50, 1086, 1969. [https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1671161]
  4. O’Brien, R. N., and Hyslop, W. F., Can. J. Chem. 55, 1415, 1977. [https://doi.org/10.1139/v77-196]
  5. Maharajh, D. M., and Walkley, J., Can. J. Chem. 51, 944, 1973. [https://doi.org/10.1139/v73-140]
  6. Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, Sixth Edition, II/5a, Transport Phenomena I (Viscosity and Diffusion), Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1969.
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Diffusion Coefficients for Gases in Water as a Function of Temperature



NameSynonymMol. form.CAS Reg. No.Mol. wt.D(10 °C)/10-5 cm2 s-1D(15 °C)/10-5 cm2 s-1D(20 °C)/10-5 cm2 s-1D(25 °C)/10-5 cm2 s-1D(30 °C)/10-5 cm2 s-1D>(35 °C)/10-5 cm2 s-1Ref.
Continued on next page...
AcetyleneEthyneHC≡CH74-86-226.0371.431.591.781.992.232
AmmoniaR-717NH37664-41-717.0311.31.52
ArgonAr7440-37-139.9482.54
BromomethaneMethyl bromideCH3Br74-83-994.9391.355
Carbon dioxideCarbonic anhydrideCO2124-38-944.0101.261.451.671.912.172.471
ChlorineCl27782-50-570.901.131.51.892,6
ChloromethaneMethyl chlorideCH3Cl74-87-350.4881.405
DichlorofluoromethaneHCFC-21CHCl2F75-43-4102.9231.805
HeliumHe7440-59-74.0035.676.186.717.287.878.481
HydrogenH21333-74-02.0163.624.084.585.115.696.311
Hydrogen bromideHydrobromic acidHBr10035-10-680.9123.156
Hydrogen chlorideHydrochloric acidHCl7647-01-036.4613.076
Hydrogen sulfideH2S7783-06-434.0811.362,6
KryptonKr7439-90-983.7981.201.391.601.842.112.401
MethaneCH474-82-816.0431.241.431.621.842.082.351
NeonNe7440-01-920.1802.933.273.644.034.454.891
NitrogenN27727-37-928.0142.02
Nitrogen dioxideNO210102-44-046.0061.231.41.592,6
Nitrous oxideN2O10024-97-244.0121.622.112.572,6


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