Section: 6 | Properties of Ice and Supercooled Water |

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PROPERTIES OF ICE AND SUPERCOOLED WATER

Allan H. Harvey

The following tables contain the properties of ice and supercooled water. Table 1 contains properties at ambient pressure as a function of temperature for the common form of ice, hexagonal ice, designated as ice Ih. Column definitions for Table 1 are as follows.

Column heading	Definition
t	Temperature, in °C
ρ	Mass density, in g cm^-3 (Refs. 2, 3)
*α_v*	Cubic expansion coefficient, α_v = -(1/V)(∂V/∂T)_p, in units 10³K^-1 (Refs. 2, 3)
*κ_S*	Isentropic compressibility, κ_s = -(1/V)(∂V/∂p)_s, in units GPa^-1 (Refs. 2, 3)
*c_p*	Specific heat capacity at constant pressure c_p, in units J g^-1 K^-1 (Refs. 2, 3)
λ	Thermal conductivity λ, in units W m^-1 K^-1 (Refs. 4, 5)
ε	Static dielectric constant ε (relative permittivity) (Ref. 6)

Density data for supercooled water as a function of temperature are given in Table 2; column definitions for Table 2 are as follows.

Column heading	Definition
t	Temperature, in °C
ρ	Mass density, in g cm^-3 (Refs. 2, 3)

Table 3 has the enthalpy of fusion and sublimation for phase transitions of ice to water (fusion) and ice to gas (sublimation).

The data given here refer to that form at standard atmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa). Data have been taken from the references indicated, which in most cases are formulations based on critical evaluation of available experimental data. Most properties are sensitive to the method of preparation of the sample because air and other gases are sometimes occluded. For this reason, there is often disagreement among values in the literature. For all properties except the dielectric constant of ice, the cited reference contains information on the uncertainty of the property.

References

Holten, V., Sengers, J.V., and Anisimov, M.A., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 43, 043101, 2014. [https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4895593]
Wagner, W., and Pruß, A., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 31, 387, 2002. [https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1461829]
Feistel, R., and Wagner, W., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 35, 1021, 2006. [https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2183324]
International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS), Revised Release on the Equation of State 2006 for H₂O Ice Ih (2009), available from <www.iapws.org>.
Andersson, O., and Inaba, A., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 7, 1441, 2005. [https://doi.org/10.1039/b500373c]
Slack, G.A., Phys. Rev. B 22, 3065, 1980. [https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.22.3065]
Wörz, O., and Cole, R.H., J. Chem. Phys. 51, 1546, 1969. [https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1672209]

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TABLE 1. Properties of Ice Ih at Atmospheric Pressure as a Function of Temperature

	Formula	t/ºC	ρ/g cm^-3	10³ × α_V/K^-1	κ_s/GPa^-1	c_p/J g^-1 K^-1	λ/W m^-1 K^-1	ε
Ice	H₂O	0	0.9167	0.160	0.114	2.10	2.16	91.2
Ice	H₂O	-10	0.9182	0.155	0.113	2.02	2.26	95.1
Ice	H₂O	-20	0.9196	0.150	0.111	1.95	2.38	99.4
Ice	H₂O	-30	0.9209	0.144	0.110	1.88	2.50	104.1
Ice	H₂O	-40	0.9222	0.138	0.108	1.80	2.63	109.2
Ice	H₂O	-50	0.9235	0.132	0.107	1.73	2.77	115.0
Ice	H₂O	-60	0.9247	0.126	0.106	1.66	2.93	121.4
Ice	H₂O	-80	0.9269	0.111	0.103	1.52	3.27	136.6
Ice	H₂O	-100	0.9288	0.095	0.101	1.38	3.69
Ice	H₂O	-120	0.9304	0.078	0.099	1.25	4.2
Ice	H₂O	-140	0.9317	0.060	0.097	1.11	4.9
Ice	H₂O	-160	0.9326	0.041	0.096	0.97	5.7
Ice	H₂O	-180	0.9332	0.025	0.095	0.82	7.0
Ice	H₂O	-200	0.9336	0.013	0.095	0.65	8.9
Ice	H₂O	-220	0.9337	0.0050	0.095	0.47	12.2
Ice	H₂O	-240	0.9338	0.0012	0.095	0.27	20
Ice	H₂O	-260	0.9338	0.00008	0.095	0.036

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TABLE 2. Density of Supercooled Water at Atmospheric Pressure as a Function of Temperature

t/°C	ρ/g cm^-3
0	0.99984
-5	0.9993
-10	0.9981
-15	0.9963
-20	0.9935
-25	0.9896
-30	0.9839
-35	0.9754

TABLE 3. Phase Transition Properties of Ice Ih (Ref. 3)

∆_fusH(0 °C) = 333.4 J g⁻¹
∆_sublH(0 °C) = 2834 J g⁻¹

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PROPERTIES OF ICE AND SUPERCOOLED WATER

References

TABLE 1. Properties of Ice Ih at Atmospheric Pressure as a Function of Temperature

TABLE 2. Density of Supercooled Water at Atmospheric Pressure as a Function of Temperature

TABLE 3. Phase Transition Properties of Ice Ih (Ref. 3)

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