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Section: 8 | Natural Abundance of Important Isotopes |
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John R. Rumble, ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 103rd Edition (Internet Version 2022), CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL.
If a specific table is cited, use the format: "Physical Constants of Organic Compounds," in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 103rd Edition (Internet Version 2022), John R. Rumble, ed., CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL.

NATURAL ABUNDANCE OF IMPORTANT ISOTOPES

Thomas J. Bruno and Paris D. N. Svoronos

The following table lists the atomic masses and uncertainty with their relative percent concentrations of naturally occurring isotopes of importance in mass spectroscopy (Refs. 1–6). The atomic masses, uncertainties, and relative percent concentrations are in accordance with the “Atomic Masses and Isotopic Abundances” in Section 1 of this CRC Handbook (Refs. 7-8).

Column definitions for the table are as follows.

Column heading Definition
Element Name of important isotope for mass spectrometry
Primary isotope Most abundant isotope of element, mass in atomic mass units μ, with μ of 12C being exactly equal to 12; range of natural abundance, in percent 
Secondary isotope Second-most abundant isotope of element, mass in μ, abundance range in percent
Tertiary isotope Third-most abundant isotope of element, mass in μ, abundance range as percent

References

  1. de Hoffmann, E., and Stroobant, V., Mass Spectrometry: Principles and Applications, Third Edition, Wiley Interscience, Winchester, UK, 2007.
  2. Johnstone, R. A. W., and Rose, M. E., Mass Spectrometry for Chemists and Biochemists, Cambridge University Press, 1996. [https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139166522]
  3. Lide, D. R., Ed., CRC Handbook for Chemistry and Physics, 90th Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2010.
  4. McLafferty, F. W., and Turecek, F., Interpretation of Mass Spectra, Fourth Edition, University Science Books, Mill Valley, CA, 1993.
  5. Watson, J. T., Introduction to Mass Spectrometry, Third Edition, Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, PA, 1997.
  6. Bruno, T. J., and Svoronos, P. D. N., CRC Handbook of Basic Tables for Chemical Analysis – Data-Driven Methods and Interpretation, Fourth Edition, CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL, 2021. [https://doi.org/10.1201/b22281]
  7. Wang, M. et al., Chinese Physics C41, 030003, 2017. [https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030003]
  8. See CIAAW Web site, <www.ciaaw.org/index.htm>.
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Natural Abundance of More Prominent Isotopes
(Mass in μ, Range of Abundance as Percent)



ElementPrimary isotopeSecondary isotopeTertiary isotope
Hydrogen1H (1.007 825 032 24(9), 99.972 – 99.999)2H (2.014 101 778 11(12), 0.001 – 0.028)
Boron10B (10.012 936 862(16), 18.9 – 20.4)11B (11.009 305 167(13), 79.6 – 81.1)
Carbon12C (12.000 00, 98.84 – 99.04)13C (13.003 354 835 21(23), 0.96 – 1.16)
Nitrogen14N (14.003 074 004 46(21), 99.578 – 99.663)15N (15.0001088989(6), 0.337 – 0.422)
Oxygen16O (15.994 914 619 60(17), 99.738 – 99.776)18O (17.999 159 6128(8), 0.187 – 0.222)
Fluorine19F (18.998 403 1629(9), ≈100.0)
Silicon28Si (27.976 926 5350(5), 92.191 – 92.318)29Si (28.976 494 6653(6), 4.645 – 4.699)30Si (29.973 770 137(23), 3.037 – 3.110)
Phosphorus31P (30.973 761 9986(7), ≈100.0)
Sulfur32S (31.972 071 1744(14), 94.41 – 95.29)33S (32.971 458 9099(15), 0.729 – 0.797)34S (33.967 867 01(5), 3.96 – 4.77)
Chlorine35Cl (34.968 852 69(4), 75.5 – 76.1)37Cl (36.965 902 58(6), 23.9 – 24.5)
Bromine79Br (78.918 3376(11), 50.5 – 50.8)81Br (80.916 2882(1), 49.2 – 49.5)
Iodine127I (126.904 472(4), ≈100.0)


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