Thomas J. Bruno and Paris D. N. Svoronos
The practical application of solid adsorbents in capillary chromatography typically makes use of porous-layer open tubular (PLOT) columns. Early capillary PLOT columns suffered from detector spiking due to particulates becoming dislodged and entering the detector. This was resolved by placing a short length of a polymeric column (usually polydimethyl siloxane) as a particle trap before the detector; however, recent advances in manufacturing methods have resulted in nearly complete binding of particles on the inside of the column. In this table, several common PLOT column stationary phases are listed, along with their major separation applications and additional information. The maximum temperatures listed represent the point of severe resolution loss. The materials are often chemically stable to much higher temperatures. The user should also be aware that the adsorption of water during use will often change retention characteristics dramatically, sometimes resulting in a reversal of positions of adjacent peaks. This can result from traces of water in the carrier gas. Due to surface adsorption of solutes, some experimentation with temperature may be necessary to prevent tailing or to avoid statistical correlation (or a propagating error) among replicate analyses (Ref. 5). Note that PLOT columns have been used in HPLC for the separation of large molecules such as proteins; this table is limited to smaller molecules.
Column definitions for the table are as follows.
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