Low-melting metals and alloys are often used to join and cast parts near or below room temperature. These metals can liquify and resolidify at lower temperatures, making it easier to avoid parts being exposed to high temperatures during processing. The table has the melting points for a number of these metals and alloys, including tin-, gallium-, bismuth-, and indium-based alloys, as well as a few others. Composition information is also given. Column definitions for the table are as follows.
Column heading | Definition |
Metal or alloy system | Atomic symbol(s) of metal or alloy system |
Name | Name of metal or alloy system |
Composition/weight % | Composition, in weight % |
Composition/atomic % | Composition, in atomic % |
tmp | Melting point, in °C; table is ordered in increasing melting point |
Comments | Comments about the system |
Ref. | Reference |
Useful expressions for correlations between the atomic and weight concentrations of alloy components are:
where f(a, Ai) and f(w, Ai) are the atomic and weight concentrations of component Ai , respectively, and Mi is the atomic weight of this component.
Metal or alloy system | Name | Composition/weight % | Composition/atomic % | tmp/°C | Comments | Ref. |
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Hg | Mercury | 100 | 100 | -38.829 | ||
Cs–K | Cesium potassium alloy (50-50) | 77.0–23.0 | 50.0–50.0 | -37.5 | Eutectic (?) | 1 |
Cs–Na | Cesium sodium alloy (75-25) | 94.5–5.5 | 75.0–25.0 | -30.0 | Eutectic | 2 |
K–Na | Potassium sodium alloy (66-34) | 76.7–23.3 | 65.9–34.1 | -12.65 | Eutectic | 3 |
Na–Rb | Sodium rubidium alloy (25-72) | 8.0–92.0 | 24.4–75.6 | -5 | Eutectic | 4 |
Ga–In–Sn | Gallium indium tin alloy (74-15-11) | 62.5–21.5–16.0 | 73.6–15.3–11.1 | 11 | Eutectic | 5 |
Ga–Sn–Zn | Gallium tin zinc alloy (86-7-7) | 82.0–12.0–6.0 | 86.0–7.3–6.7 | 17 | Eutectic | 5 |
Cs | Cesium | 100 | 100 | 28.44 | ||
Ga | Gallium | 100 | 100 | 29.7646 | ||
K–Rb | Potassium rubidium alloy (50-50) | 32.0–68.0 | 50–50 | 33 | Eutectic | 4 |
Bi–Cd–In–Pb–Sn | Bismuth cadmium indium lead tin alloy (35-8-27-18-12) | 44.7–5.3–19.1–22.6–8.3 | 35.1–8.2–27.3–17.9–11.5 | 46.7 | Eutectic | 6 |
Bi–In–Pb–Sn | Bismuth indium lead tin alloy (39-31-14-16) | 49.5–21.3–17.6–11.6 | 39.2–30.7–14.0–16.2 | 58.2 | Eutectic | 6 |
Bi–In–Sn | Bismuth indium tin alloy (21-60-19) | 32.5–51.0–16.5 | 21.1–60.1–18.8 | 60.5 | Eutectic | 7 |
K | Potassium | 100 | 100 | 63.38 | ||
Bi–Cd–Pb–Sn | Bismuth cadmium lead tin alloy (42-19-21-18) | 50.0–12.5–25.0–12.5 | 41.5–19.3–21.0–18.2 | 70 | Wood’s alloy | 6 |
Bi–In | Bismuth indium alloy (21-79) | 33.0–67.0 | 21.3–78.7 | 72 | Eutectic | 8 |
Bi–Cd–Pb | Bismuth cadmium lead alloy (48-14-38) | 51.6–8.2–40.2 | 48.1–14.2–37.7 | 91.5 | Eutectic | 6 |
Bi–Pb–Sn | Bismuth lead tin alloy (47-29-24) | 52.5–32.0–15.5 | 46.8–28.7–24.5 | 95 | Eutectic | 6 |
Na | Sodium | 100 | 100 | 97.8 |